Understanding, treating and preventing tooth decay
Tooth decay is damage to a tooth’s surface caused by acids produced by bacteria in plaque. Plaque is a soft, cream-coloured coating that forms on teeth, gums and the tongue. When plaque builds up and is not removed effectively, the bacteria within it feed on sugars in food and drink, producing acids that attack and weaken the enamel surface of the tooth.
Tooth decay may present as white spots or dark brown and black spots on the tooth surface. As decay progresses, an obvious hole or cavity may develop, and the tooth may break or crumble.
You may experience sensitivity to hot, cold or sweet foods and drinks. Sometimes there is pain or toothache, but it is important to be aware that tooth decay does not always cause pain, especially in the early stages.
Bacteria in plaque feed on sugar from the foods and drinks you consume. As a result, they produce acids that attack the enamel surface of the tooth. Over time, the tooth surface becomes softened and weakened.
If the decay is not treated, it progresses further inside the tooth. The tooth structure weakens and eventually develops a cavity or breaks. Early detection and treatment are essential to prevent further damage.
Yes, tooth decay can be reversed if it is caught at the earliest stages, when white spots appear on the enamel surface. At this point, the enamel can repair itself with the help of fluoride applications. A high-concentration fluoride varnish is applied by the dentist to strengthen and remineralise the enamel.
Homecare and diet advice is also given to help prevent further damage. However, once a hole or cavity has formed in the tooth, the decay cannot be reversed and professional dental treatment is required to restore the tooth.
Initial tooth decay, where the enamel surface has not yet broken down, can often be treated with a fluoride application to help the tooth repair itself. When a cavity has formed or the tooth has broken, it will need to be repaired, usually with a dental filling. X-rays are taken to determine the depth and extent of the decay.
If the decay is deep and has reached close to the nerve of the tooth, vital pulp therapy or root canal treatment may be necessary to save it. In cases where the tooth is extensively damaged and cannot be restored, extraction may be the only option.
“We are very impressed. Very happy we have found a wonderful family dentist at last!”
Our modern dental clinic is conveniently located in Ealing Greenford Perivale.
If you have concerns about tooth decay or would like advice on prevention, contact us. We’re here to help you maintain a healthy, confident smile. Book your dental appointment with our experienced, friendly dentist.
Verified five-star reviews on Google.
Ring us or drop us a message. We'll get right back to you.